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Verification and Validation
實(shí)效和驗(yàn)證。王充（27—97？）特別重視“效驗(yàn)”。王充認(rèn)為，舉出實(shí)效和驗(yàn)證是判斷言論是非的唯一方法或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。人的認(rèn)識(shí)是否正確，不能憑說空話或聰明才智來判斷，必須通過“效驗(yàn)”來證明。王充對言論是非的“效驗(yàn)”，并不只是依賴于感覺經(jīng)驗(yàn)，還需要理性思維對感覺經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行加工推理，從而獲得正確的認(rèn)識(shí)。
This term means testing for verification and validity. Wang Chong (27-97?) felt that verification and validation is the only method or standard for determining the correctness of an argument. Whether or not an idea is correct cannot be determined solely by empty words or cleverness; rather, it has to be proved through "verification and validation." To Wang Chong, the "verification and validation" of an argument should not be based only on sensory experiences. Correct ideas can only be arrived at by using rational thinking to draw inferences from sensory experiences.
引例 Citation：
◎凡論事者，違實(shí)不引效驗(yàn)，則雖甘義繁說，眾不見信。（王充《論衡·知實(shí)》）
凡是論說事情，違背事實(shí)而不引用實(shí)效與驗(yàn)證，那么即便意思美好、論說繁多，人們也不相信。
In any discussion, if one contradicts the facts and does not use verification and validation, then no matter how lovely the contents or elaborate the arguments, no one will believe them. (Wang Chong: A Comparative Study of Different Schools of Learning)
推薦：教育部 國家語委
供稿：北京外國語大學(xué) 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社
責(zé)任編輯：錢耐安
