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Observe Things Based on Their Own Features
順應(yīng)事物自身的樣態(tài)去觀知事物。“以物觀物”是宋代理學(xué)家邵雍（1011—1077）提出的一種觀察、認(rèn)知事物的方式。邵雍指出，人們在觀察、認(rèn)知事物的過程中，往往會出于自我的主觀意識形成對事物的好惡，從而影響對事物真實(shí)樣態(tài)的認(rèn)知。因此，邵雍提出“以物觀物”的主張，認(rèn)為人們應(yīng)該以一種冷靜的態(tài)度排除主觀意識的影響，從而順應(yīng)事物自身的樣態(tài)，如實(shí)地觀知事物本來的樣子。
This concept means to observe and understand things in accordance with their own characteristics. It is a way of observing and understanding things proposed by Shao Yong (1011-1077), a neo-Confucian philosopher of the Song Dynasty. According to him, in the process of observing and understanding things, people often form likes and dislikes for things based on their own subjective consciousness, which affects their understanding of the true nature of things. Therefore, he proposed the idea of observing things based on their own features, believing that people should adopt a calm attitude to remove the influence of subjective consciousness and observe things in accordance with their own characteristics to truly understand them as they are.
引例 Citation：
◎以物觀物，性也；以我觀物，情也。性公而明，情偏而暗。（《邵雍集·觀物外篇》）
順應(yīng)事物自身來觀知事物，是性的體現(xiàn)；依據(jù)自我的意識來觀知事物，是情感的體現(xiàn)。性公正而清明，情偏頗而晦暗。
Observing things based on their own characteristics is the embodiment of natural instinct, while observing things based on one's own awareness is the embodiment of emotion. Natural instinct is impartial and clear, while emotions are biased and obscure. (Collected Works of Shao Yong)
推薦：教育部 國家語委
供稿：北京外國語大學(xué) 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社
責(zé)任編輯：錢耐安
